The US and Canada have far more in common than a border: both are nations of immigrants within land usurped from indigenous people with bountiful natural resources, wide open spaces, and political and religious traditions taken from the UK. That said, they are also very different places: the US is much larger, more religious, more individualistic, less equal, and far more violent.
So it would seem that geography is not always destiny; accidents of history are equally important in the creation of a nation. Why are the countries so different? Part of the answer has to be that Canada would have no reason to exist if its culture simply emulated its vastly more powerful neighbor. Part of the answer is that Canada didn’t have a revolution and so has less small government DNA than we do. Finally, part of it has to do with the structural differences in the two political systems themselves. The Trump phenomenon simply can’t happen in a parliamentary system.